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Response of plant growth and development to different light conditions in three model plant systems

机译：三种模式植物系统中植物生长发育对不同光照条件的响应

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Shade avoidance response to the reduced ratio of red:far-red (R:FR) light was studied in a white aspen Populus alba clone \u27Bolleana\u27 using two filter systems: a clear plastic filter system that allows a R:FR ratio less than 1.0 to pass from adjacent border plant reflection; and a special commercial plastic that blocks FR light and creates a R:FR ratio above 3.0. The response to low R:FR The reduced R:FR signals enhanced the stem elongation in response to competition at the expense of relative stem diameter growth. Trees grown inside clear chambers were 27% taller and 22% heavier in stem dry weight than trees grown inside the FR-blocking filter chambers. Stem taper of clear chamber trees was 16% less than the FR-blocking filter trees. Low R:FR also induced 13% greater petiole length per leaf compared to the FR-blocking filter trees.;The immutans (im) variegation mutant of Arabidopsis has green and white leaf sectors due to the action of a nuclear recessive gene. IM is a chloroplast homolog of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase. The ghost (gh) variegation mutant of tomato bears phenotypic similarities to im. We show that the im and gh phenotypes arise from mutations in orthologous genes. Structural analyses reveal that AOX, IM and GH are RNR R2 di-iron carboxylate proteins with perfectly conserved Fe-coordinating ligands that define a quinol-binding catalytic site. IM has a global impact on plant growth and development and that it is required for the differentiation of multiple plastid types. IM transcript levels do not necessarily correlate with carotenoid pool sizes, raising the possibility that IM function is not limited to carotenogenesis. Leaf anatomy is radically altered in the green and white sectors of im. The green im sectors have significantly higher than normal rates of O2 evolution and significantly elevated chlorophyl a/b ratios, typical of those found in \u22sun\u22 leaves. We conclude that IM and GH are plastid quinol oxidases that act downstream from a quinone pool to dissipate electrons in plastids. In addition, im interrupts plastid-to-nucleus signaling pathways that control Arabidopsis leaf developmental programming.
机译：在白色杨木白杨无性系克隆中研究了对降低的红光：远红光（R：FR）比率的阴影响应，使用两种滤镜系统：一种透明塑料滤镜系统，该滤镜可以减少R：FR比率从相邻的边界植物反射通过大于1.0;以及一种特殊的商用塑料，可阻挡FR光线并产生高于3.0的R：FR比。对低R：FR的响应减少的R：FR信号响应竞争而增强了茎伸长，但以茎相对直径的增长为代价。在透明腔室内生长的树木比在阻隔FR的过滤腔室内生长的树木高27％，干重重22％。透明室树的茎锥度比阻隔FR的过滤树少16％。与阻止FR的过滤树相比，低的R：FR还会使每片叶子的叶柄长度增加13％。;由于核隐性基因的作用，拟南芥的immutans（im）杂色突变体的叶子呈绿色和白色。 IM是线粒体替代氧化酶的叶绿体同源物。番茄的幽灵（gh）杂色突变体与im具有表型相似性。我们表明im和gh表型来自同源基因的突变。结构分析表明，AOX，IM和GH是RNR R2二铁羧酸盐蛋白，具有完全保守的铁配位配体，这些配位体定义了喹啉结合的催化位点。 IM对植物的生长和发育具有全球影响，并且是多种质体类型分化所必需的。 IM转录本水平不一定与类胡萝卜素库大小相关，从而增加了IM功能不限于类胡萝卜素生成的可能性。 im的绿色和白色部分的叶片解剖结构发生了根本性的变化。绿色的im区段的O2释放速率显着高于正常水平，并且叶绿素a / b的比率显着提高，这是在\ u22sun \ u22叶子中发现的典型特征。我们得出的结论是，IM和GH是质体喹诺醇氧化酶，可在醌池的下游起作用，耗散质体中的电子。另外，im中断了质体到细胞核的信号通路，控制了拟南芥叶片的发育程序。

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    Bae, Hanhong;

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  • 年度 2001
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